Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Covid-19: Is EAC Cooperation Being Tested?

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The Kenyan President extended the country's National curfew implemented on March 27th and the lockdown of Nairobi metropolitan, Kilifi, and Mombasa for another 21 days. The lockdown which started on April 6th has now gone for 41 days and is expected to end on June 5th. It is a strategy that is implemented to fight Covid-19 in most countries in the globe but its success varies from one country to the other. In East Africa, Uganda and Rwanda have more strict lockdowns than Kenya. Tanzania has not yet instituted either curfew or lockdown of its districts. South Sudan and Burundi have used the same measures as Tanzania; closure of borders and schools.
Ministries of Health and Ministers responsible for EAC Affairs on Covid-19 met before President Kagame of Rwanda convened a meeting of heads of State via zoom who majorly discussed the facilitation of free movement of goods during the Covid-19 period https://www.eac.int/covid-19. Other issues on the agenda were; to share the information on the fight against Covid-19, contact tracing and the mandatory testing of truck drivers facilitating transport of essential goods. That was good development for EAC but is that enough for the most developed regional bloc in Africa? Some of collective measures set by EAC include; partner States to support local production and availability of key consumables and products used in Covid-19 response, establishment of surveillance system for contact tracing by each partner State, continued implementation of 14 day quarantine, each partner State to facilitate free movement of goods and services and suspension of face meetings replaced by tech-based meetings. EAC partner States have not had a discussion on common regional and coordinated curfew, National lockdown and movement restriction since the disease was confirmed in East Africa in late March.

EAC Partner States ended up implementing the WHO recommended guidelines in different capacities as they deem fit to their citizens. This however brings the question of cooperation in the region as the EAC borders are mostly porus and open for movement of goods. Education institutions, prayer places, public gatherings have been closed, movement restricted,  

internal and external border crossed, public transport restricted, non-food sellers suspended and a 19.00hours curfew implemented in Uganda and Rwanda with borders open for goods and citizens returning home. Kenya and Rwanda has partially opened up restaurants with Kenya permitting public transport, motos, and Tanzania planning to relax their measures in the coming days.  In Burundi, Tanzania and South Sudan, the WHO measures and EAC directives have been implemented narrowly. Despite Tanzania at 509 confirmed cases as of May 17th, the second affected country in EAC after Kenya, it has not taken any measures to close public places nor institute movement restrictions over the affected areas.

Such responses either by individual partner State or as a region are recommendable. However, EAC aims to attain political federation and now may be the time to test such potential but the facts are not close to the expectations as Tanzania misses a meeting over division allegationshttps://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/Tanzania-says-east-africa-meeting-was-northern-corridor-affair/4552908-5554304-i0gujgz/index.html. EAC'c cooperation is considered one of it]s strong holds and currently, the magnitude of its integration is being tested. The community is capable of employing the same measures in each partner State at the same degree of magnitude. An example is Rwanda, Kenya and Uganda which has had 21-day and 14-day country-specific lockdowns. Rwanda and Uganda have had nationwide lockdown for a period of 14-days renewed thrice while Kenya has had 21-day partial lockdown renewed twice. Rwanda lifted the national lockdown on May 4th since March 22nd and eased the lockdown rules and Uganda is planning to follow the steps from June 2nd. What if the six partner States had agreed to implement a 21-day national lockdown when the first case was confirmed in each of the States, gradually increased testing rates, supported local production of PPEs, universal mask wearing, mandatory social distancing and multi-sectorial action plans instead of considering the virus as health sector business? Would there be a difference on the rate of confirmed cases, recoveries and deaths in the region?

1 comment:

  1. Hi to everyone and to the author.

    Thanks for sharing a such valuable article questioning the African regionalism in context of the Covid-19 Crisis, with case study of EAC. All over the world, the implemented measures to face the crisis has shown their limit within integrated blocs. Every country went in solo, and consequently, the expected outcome was different, even in the UE considered as the prototype of regional integration.
    This said, people should understand that countries all over the globe are the same: they are more guided by national interest than regional one's. Besides, the challenging things in all this was that country were trying to preserve people lives and the economies at the same time. Look at what is happening in Brazil. They know that they have progressed in the past decade, locking down the economy will have disastrous outcome. Then the challenge remains, will people be producing and dying? How will the impact be contained? In worse of cases, the the lock down may intervene by constrain and in a such context, concerned countries will simultaneously lose lives and their economy, while it still was possible to make a good balance.

    I feel like, this is case of countries like South Sudan, Burundi and Tanzania. And of course,African countries should not be condemned that much about the strategies they chose. They are poor, and locking them down simply mean authorities create another problem over Covid-19. So, analyses should be balanced. And let's see if their eternal partners will provide them with found to overcome the crisis...

    There is still much to be done...

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